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National Urban League (NUL)
The National Urban League is a civil rights organization that advocates for African American rights, fighting against racial discrimination. The Committee on Urban Conditions Among Negros was founded in 1910 by Ruth Standish Baldwin and Dr. George Edmund Hayes and it merged with the Committee for the Improvement of Industrial Conditions Among Negros and the National League for the Protection of Colored Women.
The organization provides many services such as job training, housing and community development, workforce development, educational opportunities, and voting assistance. Programs were developed to fight for health, employment, and housing equity. The organization has been involved in politics, protests, and social work throughout its history to achieve its mission. -
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is an interracial human rights organization. The mission of the organization was to abolish segregation and discrimination. It was founded in 1909 by a group of people including W.E.B. DuBois, Ida Bell, Wells-Barnett, and Mary Ovington. It gained traction due to the 1908 Springfield Race Riots in Illinois. Some founding members were involved with the Niagara Movement led by DuBois.
Some of the most notable actions of the movement were its activism in Supreme Court cases that fought against Jim Crow Laws and Lynching in the 1910s and 1920s. The creation of the NAACP Defense and Education Fund in 1939 which litigated the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, ending racial segregation in schools. They also won the 1946 Morgan v. Virginia, which ended segregation for interstate travel. The organization was extremely active and crucial during the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s.
The organization remains one of the oldest and most influential multiracial institutions. It continues to recognize and fight for political, educational, social, and economic rights and the elimination of race-based discrimination. -
Davis, Ethel McGhee (1899-1990)
Ethel Davis McGhee was an American social worker and educator. She was the first African American social worker in Englewood, New Jersey when she became the Director of Social Work at the Social Service Federation for Englewood's African American community in 1925. She worked for the Social Service Federation's Memorial House, which was eventually named the Englewood Community House.
In the 1930s, Davis worked at Spelman College, where she acted as Dean of Women and taught sociology. She was the school's first African American administrator.
Davis was heavily involved in numerous organizations such as the Young Woman's Christian Association (YWCA), the National Council of Jewish Women, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the National Urban League, the League of Women Voters, and the National Council of Negro Women.
She traveled back to Englewood in 1954 and remained active in the community. She was involved in numerous organizations in Englewood including the Social Service Federation, the Urban League, the Leonard Johnson Nursery School, the Community Chest, the First Baptist Church of Englewood, and the Adult Advisory Committee.
She married John Warren Davis, President of West Virginia State College on September 2, 1932. She had two daughters, Caroline Florence Davis Gleiter and Dorothy Davis McDaniel.